Intrauterine Device (IUD): A small device that is inserted and left inside the uterus to prevent pregnancy. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): A virus that attacks certain cells of the body’s immune system and causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). An example is estrogen, which controls the function of female reproductive organs. Hormones: Substances made in the body by cells or organs that control the function of cells or organs. The pills must be taken or the IUD inserted within 5 days of unprotected sex to reduce the risk of pregnancy. Emergency contraception methods include progestin-only pills, ulipristal, birth control pills taken in specific amounts, or a copper intrauterine device. What is the diaphragm and how do I use it?Ĭervix: The lower, narrow end of the uterus at the top of the vagina.Įgg: The female reproductive cell produced in and released from the ovaries also called the ovum.Įmergency Contraception: Methods that are used to prevent pregnancy after a woman has had sex without birth control, after the method she used has failed, or if a woman is raped.
Do not wear the sponge for more than 30 hours total. Do not use it during your menstrual period, if you gave birth less than 6 weeks ago, or if you have had toxic shock syndrome before from a tampon or a sponge. Getting toxic shock syndrome when using the sponge is rare, but it has occurred in a few women. Some people are allergic to spermicide or to the polyurethane or sulfites found in the sponge and may have a reaction. Its use may cause vaginal burning and irritation from the spermicide. It does not affect milk supply if you are breastfeeding.īecause the spermicide in the sponge can increase the risk of getting HIV from an infected partner, you should use the sponge only if you have one sexual partner and both of you are at low risk of HIV infection. It has no effect on a woman’s natural hormones.Įach sponge contains enough spermicide for repeated acts of sex during a 24-hour period. What are the benefits, risks, and side effects of using condoms?.Use only water-based or silicone lubricants with latex condoms, and do not use a male and female condom together. Condoms should be used with a lubricant to prevent them from tearing or breaking and to reduce irritation. Using both a condom and another method, such as a spermicide, is the best way to protect against pregnancy and STIs. It provides some protection against STIs. It is held in place by a closed inner ring at the cervix and an outer ring at the opening of the vagina. Latex and polyurethane condoms provide the best protection against many STIs, including HIV.Ī female condom is a thin plastic pouch that lines the vagina. Two types are available:Ī male condom is a thin sheath made of latex (rubber), polyurethane (plastic), or natural (animal) membrane that is worn over the erect penis during sexual intercourse. A condom acts as a physical barrier that prevents sperm from entering the uterus and reaching an egg.